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KMID : 1134820110400040544
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Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
2011 Volume.40 No. 4 p.544 ~ p.556
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Exploration of Maternal Parenting and Child-Feeding Style Dimensions Perceived by Elementary Schoolers and Middle Schoolers and Correlation between Maternal Parenting Dimensions and Child"s Food Behaviors
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Kim Mi-Jeong
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Abstract
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This study investigated how elementary schoolers (n=159, 9～11 years) and middle schoolers (n=176, 13～15 years) perceived maternal parenting style dimensions, both general and child-feeding related, and whether these dimensions are associated with the subject"s food behaviors. The exploratory factor analysis resulted in a solution of 10 parenting dimensions (reasonable guidance, affection and involvement, achievement expectation, clear behavioral regulation, criticism and anger, overprotection, psychological punishment, harsh punishment, punish by withdrawal of child"s privileges, and lack of punishment) and 8 child-feeding dimensions (portion control, restriction, pressure to eat, monitor, undesirable model, desirable model, discourage unhealthful eating, and encourage healthful eating) with 49 and 43 items, respectively. Three parenting styles, authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative, were extracted via a second factor analysis using the 10 parenting dimensions. The correlation analysis indicated that authoritarian style was positively correlated with "restriction" and "undesirable model", while permissive style was negatively correlated with "encourage healthful eating" in both groups. Authoritative style was strongly associated with all of the child-feeding dimensions except for "undesirable model". For food behaviors, the more likely elementary schoolers and middle schoolers perceived their mothers as authoritarian and permissive, respectively, the more unhealthful foods were consumed. The consumption frequency of healthful foods increased as mothers were perceived to be authoritative. More elementary schoolers of authoritative mothers ate meals with parents. Findings suggest that maternal parenting styles and dimensions, child-feeding dimensions, and child"s food behaviors are associated. It may be that authoritarian and permissive styles are more detrimental for elementary schoolers and middle schoolers, respectively, whereas authoritative style is beneficial for both groups in terms of subject"s food behaviors.
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KEYWORD
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parenting style, child-feeding dimensions, factor analysis, elementary schoolers and middle schoolers, food behavior
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